Python requests 设置代理 IP 教程

Python 的 requests 库是最常用的 HTTP 请求库，设置代理只需一个 proxies 参数。

HTTP / HTTPS 代理

import requests

# 代理格式：协议://账号:密码@IP:端口
proxy = "http://用户名:密码@IP:端口"
proxies = {
    "http": proxy,
    "https": proxy,
}

resp = requests.get("https://httpbin.org/ip", proxies=proxies, timeout=10)
print(resp.json())  # 返回的 origin 即为代理出口 IP

SOCKS5 代理

socks5 需要先安装 requests[socks]：

pip install "requests[socks]"

import requests

proxies = {
    "http": "socks5://用户名:密码@IP:端口",
    "https": "socks5://用户名:密码@IP:端口",
}

resp = requests.get("https://httpbin.org/ip", proxies=proxies, timeout=10)
print(resp.json())

批量采集：轮换 IP

import requests, random

ips = ["IP1:端口", "IP2:端口", "IP3:端口"]
def fetch(url):
    ip = random.choice(ips)
    proxies = {"http": f"http://用户名:密码@{ip}", "https": f"http://用户名:密码@{ip}"}
    return requests.get(url, proxies=proxies, timeout=10)

for url in urls:
    r = fetch(url)
    print(r.status_code)